AIRPORT
SECURITY USING RFID AND IRIS RECOGNITION
INTRODUCTION:
In today’s information age it is not difficult to collect data
about an individual and use that information to exercise control over the
individual. Individuals generally do not want others to have personal
information about them unless they decide to reveal it. With the rapid
development of technology, it is more difficult to maintain the levels of
privacy citizens knew in the past. In this context, data security has become an
inevitable feature. Conventional methods of identification based on possession
of ID cards or exclusive knowledge like Social security number or a password
are not altogether reliable. ID cards can be almost lost, forged or misplaced:
passwords can be forgotten. Such that an unauthorized user may be able to break
into an account with little effort. So it is need to ensure denial of access to
classified data by unauthorized persons. Biometric technology has now become a
viable alternative to traditional identification systems because of its
tremendous accuracy and speed. Biometric system automatically verifies or
recognizes the identity of a living person based on physiological or behavioral
characteristics. Since the persons to be identified should be physically
present at the point of identification, biometric techniques gives high security
for the sensitive information stored in
mainframes or to avoid fraudulent use of ATMs.
Biometric products are used for automated
recognition of individuals based on their behavioral and biological
characteristics. Iris recognition biometric products recognize individuals
based on their iris images more specifically the distinctive patterns in the
irises created by various structures, such as crypts, furrows, frills, ridges,
ligaments, freckles, coronas, and collarettes. Other common biometric products
use fingerprint features, facial images, hand geometry, characteristics of
handwritten signatures, and voice recordings to recognize individuals.
Fingerprint recognition, known for its low error rates, typically requires an
individual to place their finger on a sensor to be recognized. The error rates
for facial recognition technologies are typically higher than for fingerprint
technologies, but facial recognition is often preferred because its operation
is non-contact. Iris recognition combines the advantages of fingerprinting (low
error rates) and facial recognition (non-contact operation) and as such may
prove valuable for many criminal justice and border control applications.
This project basically aims at designing an
iris matching software system. Firstly, image preprocessing is performed
followed by extracting the iris portion of the eye image which is called
Localization. The extracted iris part is then normalized using daugman’s
rubbersheet model, and Iris Code is constructed. Finally two Iris Codes are
compared to find Hamming Distance, which is fractional measure of the
dissimilarity. Experimental image results show that unique codes can be
generated for every eye image and Hamming Distance between any two different
iris code has maximum value.
With the increasing
demand of enhanced security in our daily lives, reliable personal
identification through biometrics is currently an active topic in the
literature of pattern recognition. Nowadays many automatic security systems
based on iris recognition have been deployed worldwide for border control,
restricted access Iris recognition is based on the most mathematically unique
biometric - the iris of the eye. The human iris is absolutely unique, even
between twins or an individual's right and left eyes. The iris itself is stable
throughout a person's life (approximately from the age of one). The physical
characteristics of the iris do not change with age. One key tool in this area
is the use of biometrics. Humans have always identified each other by recognizing
faces, voices or some other physical characteristic. Personal recognition or
identification by a witness is also entrenched in our law and commercial
structures. Now the use of biometric technologies is providing a means to
positively identify or authenticate large numbers of people without having to
primarily rely on human to human identification.
Innovations
Conventional
security systems are based on face recognition, RF-ID, Finger Print detection
which are not 100% foolproof. Facial features can be modified, RF-ID cards can
be stolen and misused, cuts and burns on the finger will cause failure of
finger print identification. Iris detection has much better accuracy and is a
step ahead of the above mentioned systems. The Iris Code generated is unique
for every individual even for the identical twins.
Accuracy is the
parameter which differentiates Iris recognition technology from rest of the
Biometric techniques such as Face, Voice, Fingerprint, Retina, Signature etc.
Iris recognition is more accurate, stable and scalable. Hence iris recognition
is popularly used in many applications.
Here we are developing 2 level airport
security ,In this system the 1st technique is the RFID and the 2nd
technique is IRIS recognition.
RFID: we are using a passive RFID system
.In this case the user has to show the card to the reader. The RFID reader
reads the card no and sends it to the µC via wiegand protocol .The µC will then
go in its database and check for the RFID of the user .If match occurs then the
user is asked to go for the next verification stage of IRIS.
SOFTWARE OVERVIEW
PROGRAMMING USING ‘C’
PROGRAMMING AT BASE STATION
USING MATLAB (7.0)
ADVANTAGES
EFFICIENT
WAY FOR SECURITY CHECK
LESS
TIME DELAYS
QUICK
RESPONSE TIME
FULLY AUTOMATE SYSTEROBUST SYSTEM, LOW POWER
REQUIREMENT
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